The Energy Information Administration ( 2016 ) - 1250 Words

In 2015 the United States produced an average of 9.4 million barrels of crude oil a day, a rate of production not seen in over 45 years (EIA, 2015). In 2008 production averaged 5 million barrels a day. This drastic increase in production can be attributable, in part, to advances in hydraulic fracturing. According to the Energy Information Administration (2016) this controversial drilling technology has been in use for over 6 decades, but has otherwise contributed relatively little to total crude oil output. In 2000 23,000 hydraulic fractured wells produced 102,000 barrels of oil a day, or 2% of the total national output. In 2015 there were 300,000 hydraulically fractured wells producing 4.3 million barrels of oil a day, a 4,000% increase†¦show more content†¦A 2008 assessment by the United States Geological Survey (2013) of Bakken shale formation determined that an estimated 3.65 billion barrels of oil were technically recoverable. A subsequent reassessment in 2013 found the formation contained 7.4 billion barrels of undiscovered and technically recoverable oil reserves (USGS, 2013). Nevertheless, many in the shale production industry believe the Bakken formation may contain over 20 billion barrels of technically recoverable oil (SAFE, 2012). What is Hydraulic Fracturing? Certain geological formations may contain deposits of natural gas and petroleum; however, these formations generally have extremely low permeability (Earthworks (EW), 2016). Hydraulic fracturing is process that increases the permeability of these rock formations, making the fossil fuels contained within more extractable (EW, 2016). Although hydraulic fracturing has been in use for over 60 years, only recently has it gained widespread use. Fracking begins by drilling a well and inserting a steel pipe known as a casing. The casing contains perforations within a â€Å"target zone† where there is assumed to be natural gas or oil supplies (EW, 2016). Once the casing is in position â€Å"fracturing fluid† is pumped into the casing, and injected into the well through the perforations at the target zone (EW, 2016). The rock formation absorbs the fluid until it becomes saturated, at which point pressure begins to build in the well, causing

Macbeth Turning Point Essay - 1089 Words

During the Elizabethan Age, William Shakespeare dominated this time with his English dramas and poems; therefore, his work imprinted and impacted the history at that time. One of the many plays that Shakespeare wrote was Macbeth, this play included a man, that was consumed with the murderous thoughts and his tragic flaw running wild; this led to many murders, but the first on unlocked the cage and let the demonic actions reveal themselves. The play displayed a great deal of turning points for the certain character throughout scenes to make up an idea of this play to be a tragedy: a type of drama or literature that shows the downfall or destruction of a noble or outstanding person, traditionally one who possesses a character weakness called†¦show more content†¦When the death of Duncan occurred, the duo had two different perspectives on the incident: Macbeth did not want to do what his wife wanted because the thought of murdering Duncan was vile. Furthermore, when the idea of murdering Duncan washes over the mind of Macbeth, he cannot act on his thoughts; but when it becomes time to kill Banquo, it reveals that he is more aquatint to murders after the kings murder: upon my head they placed a fruitless crown / and put a barren scepter in my grip (1.1.61-62). when Macbeth notices the reasons to kill Banquo was that he [Banquo] did not accept helping kill Duncan, then led him to believe that Banquo is suspicious of the murder, and Macbeth remembered the prophecies stating he [Banquo] would be the father of kings. Lady Macbeth did not know the murder of Banquo was happening and so Macbeth was hinting that full of scorpions is my mind (3.2.36), which drove her to believe that he is remorseful about Duncans murder. From the beginning of the play Macbeth wanted to be king but his nobility held him back; therefore, when his character flaw began to arise, it led him to the throne where his wife wanted him to be. Macbeth loved his wife fully and he wanted to please her, even if it would have resulted him dying in the end; naturally, he would do anything she would have said to do. For him to be smittenShow MoreRelatedReview Of Macbeth And The Heart Of The Sea 1149 Words   |  5 PagesAll novels, books or articles have what is called a Kairos, most readers do not try to discover the kairos of a book while others do. In this essay I will be uncovering the Kairos of three Books: Sailors to the End, MacBeth, and In the Heart of the Sea. The KAiros of book is the main turning point where the mood changes, or where the plot changes. Sailors to the End is a Book representing true heroic valor, it takes place on the U.S.S Forrestal when a fire consumes the ship claiming 134 sailorsRead MoreThe Character of Macbeth in William Shakespeares Play Essay625 Words   |  3 Pagesof Macbeth in William Shakespeares Play The play Macbeth addresses many complex issues throughout. The main one of these revolves around the theme of â€Å"ambition†. We gain our first insight into the main character â€Å"Macbeth† through other people’s opinions in Act 1, Scene 2. The aim of this is to build the suspense and intrigue surrounding Macbeth. The play gives the audience plenty of opportunity to contemplate Macbeth’s actions and influences. In this essay I willRead MoreDirecting Act 3 Scene 4 of William Shakespeares Macbeth Essay1053 Words   |  5 PagesDirecting Act 3 Scene 4 of William Shakespeares Macbeth It is extremely important that an author is able to manipulate a readers feelings towards a character in literary pieces; this is achieved by William Shakespeare. Shakespeare incorporates the use of imagery throughout the play; animals, blood, clothing and weather are some of the main components used as symbols. Literary elements such as symbolism are used for example the owl or falcon which when the play wasRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth Essay1406 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth Essay Since the beginning of time people looked up to the stars asking Gods their fate. Fate is a belief, that there is a set path for an event that is both unavoidable and inevitable, that there is a fixed natural order to the cosmos. In the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, viewers can observe fate or (prophecy) playing a major role. William Shakespeare was born April 1564 and died May 1616, during his life Shakespeare wrote 37 plays, and 157 sonnets, Shakespeare is also knownRead More Shakespeares Macbeth as Tragic Hero Essay examples872 Words   |  4 PagesMacbeth as Tragic Hero      Ã‚  Ã‚   Aristotle defined a tragic character is a man who â€Å"falls into misfortune through some flaw. (Grube, 5) Shakespeares tragic hero is a man who falls from his position of honor and respect due to a flaw in character and ultimately arrives at a fatal end. (Nostbakken, 2) Macbeth is an epitome of a tragic hero. He had a good nature, but was driven by greed and a quest for power. Macbeth had been a military hero,   loved and praised by the people, but his blind ambitionRead More Lady Macbeth of Shakespeares Play, Macbeth Essay1000 Words   |  4 PagesLady Macbeth of Shakespeares Play, Macbeth Lady Macbeth is the most interesting and complex character in Shakespeares play, Macbeth. She is, in fact, the point on which the action pivots: without her there is no play. The purpose of this essay is to describe Lady Macbeth’s role in the play and discuss why this makes her the most fascinating character. Her evil doings are the main reasons why she dominates the plot so greatly. These include the following: considers Macbeth to be a wimp notRead MoreLady Macbeth1003 Words   |  5 PagesLady Macbeth Lady Macbeth is the most interesting and complex character in the play. She is, in fact, the point on which the action pivots: without her there is no play. Macbeth s most interesting and complex character is most certainly, as the question states, Lady Macbeth. The purpose of this essay is to describe Lady Macbeth s role in the play and discuss why this makes her the most fascinating character. Her evil doings are the main reasons why she dominates the plot so greatly.Read MoreShakespeares Macbeth, Why We Still Study This Play in Present Day?1108 Words   |  5 PagesGeorgia O’Neill Year 11 essay: Macbeth WHY DO WE STILL STUDY THIS PLAY IN 2012? The legendary tale of Macbeth has endured the test of time and is still a largely studied and watched play in 2011. There are numerous reasons why this is, not only does this classic play have a fascinating story and characters, it also has countless themes that still present valuable lessons to be learnt in this day and age. One of those important lessons shown in this dramatic play includes the deceptive natureRead MoreEssay on Supernatural Forces in Macbeth1108 Words   |  5 PagesThe Play â€Å"Macbeth† by William Shakespeare is shaped by supernatural forces with the use of the weird witches, the apparition of the ghost, and the floating dagger. These forces lead Macbeth to act in the way he did and add suspense to the play. The play opens with the three witches, and later on Macbeth and Banquo encounter them. They prophesized that Macbeth will be promoted to Thane of Cawdor, and then become King of Scotland. In addition to that, Banquo was told that his sons shall be kings, butRead MoreThe Use of the Supernatural in Macbeth by William Shakespeare983 Words   |  4 PagesThe Use of the Supernatural in Macbeth by William Shakespeare In this essay I am going to explore the use of the supernatural in the play Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare. This is going to be done by showing how much power the supernatural elements had and how it influenced peoples mind. The supernatural elements are the use of the witches, the dagger, Banquos ghost and the apparitions in the play. Firstly, the use of the witches in the play is a key element

Communications Essay Example For Students

Communications Essay On last Monday, our guest speakers consisted of Mr. Paul Lyle, Mr. Kenneth Griffin, and Ms. Oretha Shardon. They all had prominent careers in communications as sales and advertising representatives. Mr. Paul Lyle works for Citadel Broadcasting Company as a sales manager. He is responsible for selling advertisements and he also comes up with ideas for promotions or promoting a certain product or company. My. Lyle works with a group of ten sellers he calls his sales team. His team gets paid solely on commission. Mr. Lyle graduated from the University of Tennessee. He wanted to be a sportscaster since the ninth grade. He worked at an announcer for his high school announcing the school games. He says that he loves his job even though he did not acquire his dream jobs as a sportscaster but now that he is in sales he would not trade it for anything. Mr. Kenneth Griffin an executive for St. Clair Broadcast Fox 17. Mr. Griffin started out with several jobs as a producer at WKRW television station and WTBS Channel 5an affiliate of PBS. He brought to our attention that as a sales person he had to create ideas to pitch to his client so he could show them ways to improve their business and make more money. He also told us that, in sales, you have to start from ground zero to build up a portfolio. Ms. Oretha Shardon is an advertisement sales representative for WSM Radio which is owned by Gaylord Entertainment. Ms. Shardon has worked in this business for twenty-two years. She mostly talked about her theme for this year which was Sentenced to Success. She stated that persons in sales need some type of motivation and energy to get their clients excited about how they will enhance their business. She also said that you should make sure thatyou are bring a product or service that will totally benefit the buyer. Words/ Pages : 319 / 24

Tata Indica free essay sample

Inception Tata Motors Limited is Indias largest automobile company, with revenues of Rs. 24,000 crores (USD 5. 5 billion) in 2005-06. By far it is the leader in commercial vehicles in each segment. It is also the second largest in the passenger vehicles market with winning products in the compact, midsize car and utility vehicle segments. The company is the worlds fifth largest medium and heavy commercial vehicle manufacturer. Established in 1945, Tata Motors presence indeed cuts across the length and breadth of India..The companys manufacturing base is spread across Jamshedpur, Pune and Lucknow, supported by a nation-wide dealership, sales, services and spare parts network comprising over 2,000 touch points. Close to 4 million Tata vehicles ply on Indian roads, since the first rolled out in 1954. The foundation of the companys growth over the last 50 years has been a deep understanding of economic stimuli and customer needs, and the ability to translate them into customer-desired offerings through R;D. We will write a custom essay sample on Tata Indica or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Established in 1966, the companys Engineering Research Centre, with 1,400 engineers and scientists, has developed pioneering technologies and products.Today the company has RD centers in Pune, Jamshedpur, Lucknow, in India. And not only this, it also has RD centers in South Korea, Spain, and the UK. The pace of new product development in Tata Motors has quickened. In 2005, the company created a new segment by launching the Tata Ace, Indias first indigenously developed mini-truck. The years to come will see the introduction of several other innovative vehicles, all rooted in emerging customer needs. Besides product development, the R;D centers of the company are also focusing on environment-friendly technologies in emissions and alternative fuels.GLOBAL PRESENCE Today, Tata branded vehicles can be seen in several countries like Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Australia, South East Asia and South Asia. So, Tata Motors is not only at the forefront of the Indian automobile industry, it is also one of Indias best known brands in international markets. Tata Motors is the first company from Indias engineering sector to be listed in the New York Stock Exchange (September 2004). It has also emerged as a global automotive company. In 2004, it acquired the Daewoo Commercial Vehicles Company, Koreas second largest truck maker.The rechristened Tata Daewoo Commercial Vehicles Company has already begun to launch new products. In 2005, Tata Motors acquired a 21% stake in Hispano Carrocera, a reputed Spanish bus and coach manufacturer, with an option to acquire the remaining stake as well. Hispanos presence is being expanded in other markets. In 2006, the company formed a joint venture with the Brazil-based Marcopolo, a global leader in body-building for buses and coaches, to manufacture and assemble fully-built buses and coaches.Tata Motors already distributes and markets Fiat branded cars in India. To establish an industrial joint venture in India to manufacture passenger vehicles, engines and transmissions for the Indian and overseas markets; Tata Motors and the Fiat Group have recently signed a memorandum of understanding. The companys commercial and passenger vehicles are already being marketed in several countries in Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Australia, South East Asia and South Asia. It has assembly operations in Malaysia, Kenya, Bangladesh, Ukraine, Russia and Senegal. These acquisitions will further extend Tata Motors global footprint, established through exports since 1961. Product: TATA INDICA V2 The Brand value Indica, the first truly Indian car heralds India’s arrival on the global automobile arena. The company strives to make the Indica accessible to the value-seeking Indian, without compromises. It is a trustworthy, reliable car that appeals to the head as well as the heart. The brand is recognized as one of the strongest and most enduring of the past decade and has consistently figured amongst the most trusted brands in industry surveys.The Tata Indica catapulted the Indian automobile industry into the big league of the global arena. It has been created in an industry rife with global competition, requiring huge financial investment and scale as well as high technological competence. Facts about Indica  · Tata Motors is the youngest passenger car company in the world.  · The car came into being – concept freeze to launch – in just 31 months.  · The name, Indica, was derived from two words – India’s Car.  · The Indica sold its second 100,000th car in a record period of less than 18 months. Indica’s investment of Rs. 19. 20 billion for a capacity of 150,000 cars achieved cash profits in its third year and net profits in its fourth.  · Indica catapulted Tata Motors as the second largest player in the Indian passenger vehicle market.  · In the Indian car industry, Indica Club is the largest brand loyalty program.  · Indica is instrumental in creating a Rs. 46 billion passenger car business for Tata Motors within five years of its launch.  · Indica investment became EVA positive in its fifth year – a rare distinction in the automobile world. As compared to others who manufacture lower B segment cars; Tata Motors (Telco) has drawn up a clear cut strategy that highlights the fact that their only competitor is Palio in the B segment. This is their USP in a market dominated by luxury and super premium cars. They expect demand from Spain, Malta, Italy and Portugal and are striving for markets in UK, Iran and China. Their Goal is the international market in the long term. They aim for 20 per cent of business from the international market. Realizing the potential of Indica, Telco modified the model and launched Indiva – a MPV concept – at the Geneva Auto Fair in Switzerland.The Tata Indica v2 sedan is likely to be launched in the second half of the next fiscal year. The Sedan has been styled by IDEA – the Italian design house that penned Indica. The result is a well-proportioned but conservative-looking midsize car. The invitation to the motoring media to â€Å"Go on, try them yourself† at the WesBank raceway in December 2005 contributed to the high level of media attention. This open and honest approach to communicating the value of their products served well for the ongoing building of the Tata brand in South Africa.Given the progress the Tata Group has made in the past 10 years and the scope for involvement and growth in numerous sectors in South Africa and rest of Africa, Tata can be expected to shift gears upwards soon. Ratan Tata has emphasized his group’s commitment to the South African market, commenting that â€Å"the arrival of our cars in South Africa is the fulfillment of a desire I have held since I first came here†¦ our countries can do much together and we are focusing seriously on our presence here – we will not take away but will add to South Africa. † ProductThough a late entrant, the Indica quickly established itself as the benchmark for the s egment. By offering exciting features, the car changed the rules of the category in Space, Power, Style, Safety and Economy for international market. The Indica ensured a pleasant ride and handling experience as it had features like wide large tyres, generous leg room and independent front and rear suspension. It developed a new segment of diesel small cars along with its petrol offering. The luggage space was also the best in its class. The rigid 980 kgs steel body of the car was rigorously tested at Indias first and only crash test facility.A collapsible steering wheel, impact absorbing bumpers, anti-submarine seats, crumple zones and side impact beams are just a few of the features that make the Indica one of the safest cars on the roads today. Savings are ensured with the fuel-efficient 1. 4L diesel engine, while the 1. 4L petrol engine is optimized for performance. The foray into the export markets with the Indica would commence only after meeting the initial requirements of the domestic market. However, the company will commence development of the export model, work on homologation and ensure that the car meets all the norms of the markets abroad.Indica features for international market:  · Collapsible steering column  · Side-impact beam  · Energy-absorbing crumple zones in the front  · Anti-submarine seats  · Child-safety locks on rear doors  · Laminated front and rear windshield glass Promotion ‘More car per car’ is the famous tagline of this product. The Indica’s positioning has remained consistent with the brands offering in an increasingly competitive market. The Indica is now synonymous with the word ‘More, by encapsulating the inherent product strengths and marrying them with the customer trait of desiring ‘More’.A promotion strategy for Indica v2 in international market is more or les s same as that of the Indian market. Media innovations have been a key to the success of the Indica. The positioning was strengthened with the successful launch of the Indica V2, which assumed the leadership position in the year of its launch. The Indica v2 was launched in the international market only through the press medium, with three diesel versions and a petrol version, and this campaign shattered many automobile advertising myths.The car was launched without any television advertising, but through high-impact newspaper ads, dominating the medium and delivering the desired impact. The campaign redefined the competition by keeping away from the ‘small car’ nomenclature. Headlines such as ‘You’ll never have to suffer a small car again’ assisted customers in distinguishing between their old choices and the Indica. This, in effect, placed the Indica on the pedestal of leadership, set to change the rules of the game. A recent campaign for the Indica V2 has helped in building the product on the rational platform and adds an emotional layer. Anchored on the insight ‘It’s only human to want more’, the campaign revolves around interesting candid moments in the daily lives of normal everyday people who desire more; be it a boy wanting the other boy’s bigger lollipop, or a baby crying when her parents stop driving her around in the Indica V2. The latest campaign moves to the ‘Even more car per car’ positioning. Place Tata automobile group have a very large distribution network all over the world. Tata Indica v2 is exported and assembled in many countries. South Africa has an assembling unit for consumer vehicles.Other places where the company’s products (Tata Indica) are exported and in some assembled also are mentioned below:  · Africa :- Algeria , Angola , Ethiopia , Ghana , Kenya , Mauritius , Sudan , Uganda , South Africa , Senegal etc.  · Europe: Greece, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Spain, Switzerland, UK and Ireland.  · CIS : Belarus, Russia, Ukraine.  · Asia: Bangladesh, Malaysia, Sri-Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan.  · Australia continent Price: Tata Motors adopted a competitive pricing strategy for Indica in the global market. Prices were fixed on the basis of the norms prevailing in the international market.Also the prices offered by their competitors like Toyota, Ford, Fiat, were kept in mind while deciding the prices. Brand Image Indica, the first truly Indian car heralds India’s arrival on the global automobile arena. It strives to make the Indica accessible to the value-seeking Indian, without compromises. A trustworthy, reliable car that appeals to the head as well as the heart. Truly ‘More car per car’ the brand has consistently figured amongst the most trusted brands in industry surveys and is recognized as one of the strongest and most enduring of the past decade.Created in an industry rife with global competition, requiring huge financial investment and scale as well as high technological competence, the Tata Indica catapulted the Indian as well as automobile industry into the big league of the global arena. For Indica V2 brand building, Tata Engineering roll out media blitz Tata Engineering is all set to launch an aggressive multi-media ad campaign, in a bid to boost sales and build the brand image of its new launch, Tata Indica V2.While launching the Indica V2 in international market, the company had released only announcement ads to create awareness for the new launch. And now to promote Indica V2, the company plans to roll out a media blitz. The main objective of the multi-media campaign is to further build perfect global brand image for Indica V2 in highly competitive international market or global automobile market. And the new media blitz will include a print campaign, comprising a series of press advertisements, outdoor-media campaign, television commercials and ground promotions.

Line Managers Essay Example

Line Managers Essay Example Line Managers Essay Line Managers Essay 3HRC Understanding Organisations and the Role of Human Resources Activity 2 The following report contains information on how Human Resources support the organisation, line managers and staff. Human resources can be seen as a medium between employee and employer to maintain that all policies and procedures are completed correctly and fairly. Looking after your workforce, but complying with business strategy to ensure business goals and objectives are achieved. During the time of your employment, interaction with the human resources department is almost on a daily basis. There are numerous activities that HR do to help a business thrive. Recruitment Selection. The ability to attract candidates with the right knowledge, skills and attitude is an important function of HR. The business needs the drive from talented individuals that can take on board the business goals, and make them a reality. This involves writing detailed Job descriptions, interviews, and conducting background checks. HR and line managers, through right hiring add value to the organisation through productivity and service. Learning Development. In any organisation, continuous learning means growth through learning events and experiences for individual employees as well as teams. HR play an important role in developing a culture of continuous learning and identifying the training needs of the business. In house training such as inductions help new starters on their Journey and help them to understand the working life and culture of a organisation. Out house training can improve skills, and discover hidden talents, making your workforce more confident and diverse. HR are also responsible to collect training requirements and coordinate specific training. Appraisals, compensation and benefits. Because HR involves the management of people, it must show value to get the best ut of the workforce. The best organisations are the ones who invest well in their staff. Incentives such as pay rises, bonuses for good performance and various benefits is essential to maintain employee satisfaction and keeping them motivated. HR have to make sure that all the rewards are fair and correspond with the level of input and output of each employee. Benefits such a private healthcare, also show that as an employer, the organisation cares not Just on a professional level, but also for personal well being. of HR is to help line managers utilise people in the best possible was to influence est practise in all areas of the business. HR tend to support line managers in various ways. Coaching Not only do line managers have to deal with an every day workload, they also have to dedicate the time to people manage. Line managers need training to improve their coaching and development skills in order to execute HR responsibilities. Having the correct tools gives line managers the confidence to have effective conversations regarding difficult subjects such as grievances, redundancies, a source of counselling for employees, performance reviews and complying with HR process. HR need to take ccountability for the relevant training and support made easily available. Advice Support HR play a key role in implementing business conduct and strategy. Line managers typically need to seek advice from HR to carry out these responsibilities. Line managers need to know that HR are there as a tool to help advise and support. even after training, it is important for managers to know that they can contact HR at any time when they have queries regarding people management. This also eliminates the risk of wrong decision making, and causing bad practice in the workplace. Communication

Free Essays on Famous Latin American Authors

Josà © Martà ­ was a Cuban poet, essayist and journalist, who became the symbol of Cuba's fight to get independence from Spain. He said "No man has any special right because he belongs to any specific race; just by saying the word man, we have already said all the rights." He was born in Havana and he was the son of a Spanish soldier. He published Versos sencillos in 1891 during a really hard time in his life. This was after he and his wife had separated. He always emphasized the need to come to terms with the continents' multi-racial identity and the importance of teaching the history of America all the way from the Incas to now. Gabriel Garcà ­a Mrquez was a Latin-American journalist, novelist and story writer, and a central figure in the Magic Realism movement. This term was used in Germany in the 1920's to describe some contemporary painters, whose works expressed surrealistic visions. He basically considered himself a realist as he wrote about Colombian and Latin American reality just as he saw it. He was born in the banana zone of Colombia. His parents abandoned him and he was raised by his grandparents. He later wrote about Bolà ­var and his last journey down the Magdelena River. One Hundred Years of Solitude was the most popular work of Magic Realism. Garcà ­a said that he tries to tap the magic in commonplace events. Ruben Dario was born on January 18, 1867 in Nicaragua. His parents divorced and he was raised by his godfather Colonel Felix Ramirez. HE began reading at age 3 and publishing poems by the age of 12. In 1882 he tried to get a scholarship to a college by reading one of his poems but he was turned down because his poems were too liberal and filled with anti-religious sentiments. Throughout his life he was confronted with prejudice because of the darkness of his skin. Also throughout his life he indulged in alcohol and women in large amounts. His trademark was his rhythmic style and mo... Free Essays on Famous Latin American Authors Free Essays on Famous Latin American Authors Josà © Martà ­ was a Cuban poet, essayist and journalist, who became the symbol of Cuba's fight to get independence from Spain. He said "No man has any special right because he belongs to any specific race; just by saying the word man, we have already said all the rights." He was born in Havana and he was the son of a Spanish soldier. He published Versos sencillos in 1891 during a really hard time in his life. This was after he and his wife had separated. He always emphasized the need to come to terms with the continents' multi-racial identity and the importance of teaching the history of America all the way from the Incas to now. Gabriel Garcà ­a Mrquez was a Latin-American journalist, novelist and story writer, and a central figure in the Magic Realism movement. This term was used in Germany in the 1920's to describe some contemporary painters, whose works expressed surrealistic visions. He basically considered himself a realist as he wrote about Colombian and Latin American reality just as he saw it. He was born in the banana zone of Colombia. His parents abandoned him and he was raised by his grandparents. He later wrote about Bolà ­var and his last journey down the Magdelena River. One Hundred Years of Solitude was the most popular work of Magic Realism. Garcà ­a said that he tries to tap the magic in commonplace events. Ruben Dario was born on January 18, 1867 in Nicaragua. His parents divorced and he was raised by his godfather Colonel Felix Ramirez. HE began reading at age 3 and publishing poems by the age of 12. In 1882 he tried to get a scholarship to a college by reading one of his poems but he was turned down because his poems were too liberal and filled with anti-religious sentiments. Throughout his life he was confronted with prejudice because of the darkness of his skin. Also throughout his life he indulged in alcohol and women in large amounts. His trademark was his rhythmic style and mo...

Marketing principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing principles - Essay Example In order to target the market successfully, the marketing department will have to compare the abilities of the company with those of its competitors, which include Global Toy plc and Fun Kids plc. This report highlights the importance of understanding market segmentation and this will improve the sales volume of Toga Toys Company. In order for Toga Toys to improve its sales volume, it will be necessary to divide the market into two separate segments, which as individual consumers and wholesale purchaser. Individual consumers are the grandparents or parents who are buying the toys for their children while wholesale purchasers may include schools and day-care centres among many other wholesale purchasers such as commercial businesses, which buy the toy products for their customers to use (Barletta 2003, p. 56). It will be good for the company to sell the toys direct to the customers instead of using the traditional methods that involves the system of distributing products to wholesalers who would sell to the retailers. Although this marketing strategy will create more work for Toga Toys, in terms of sales generation, it will yield better margins. In addition, this selling process will make the company incur extra costs in the first few years, but after developing the relationship with individual customers and wholesale purchasers, the cost of marketing per sale will decrease dramatically since the customers will be aware where to get the toys products. Understanding market segmentation is an essential aspect since it will aid in understanding the customers (p. 58). In order to sell to the customer, it will be necessary to understand first why the customers will want to purchase the toys. Market segmentation will allow for the creation of profiles off a number of different customer categories who purchase the toys. Since you are the business entrepreneur, this information will be helpful in creation of better marketing

A Reflection on the Performance in a Professional Environment Essay

A Reflection on the Performance in a Professional Environment - Essay Example It profoundly presents my own and entailed. Professional development, comprehensive understanding of legal and entailed ethical foundations concerned with confidentiality and entailed reflection on attitude and behavior that recurrently impact on daily service delivery processes. The reflexive essay entails enormous consideration into UK laws attaching on the exposure of confidential information regarding the patients’ health conditions and how it has affected my role as a health worker in the UK. It also highlights on the touchy past issues entrenched in the confidentiality part (Great Britain & Amy, 2012, p75). According to UN Economic Commission for Europe, 2009, confidentiality is an entrenched obligation and mandatory to any provider of certain data or information to highly maintain the privacy of the information (Tranberg & Rashbass, 2004, p79). Thus in professional requirements, all the agencies entailed in a collection of information from different people or even organizations have an astounding role and entailed legal or consequent ethical liability to ensure that they timely respect the privacy or secrecy of the people providing the information (Clark & Mcghee, 2008, p73). In similar proportions, the entailed individuals or organizations are not identified in any disseminated dataset and also there is a concurrent and vivid difference in the connection between confidentiality and privacy. While undertaking my personal roles I have learned of the importance of confidentiality as a failure or breach of confidentiality or entailed disclosure of patients’ information which has th e potentials of intruding into his or her privacy as a person or even associated an organization (Anderson, 1997, p96).

Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay Example for Free

Kenneth Burke’s Dramatism Essay Life is drama; playing roles in relation to other people. Interest in the interaction of language and action. Symbolic Interactionist—Language is symbolic action. â€Å"Verbal symbols are meaningful acts from which motives can be derived (Griffin, p. 329).† â€Å"Human beings†¦are a symbol-creating, symbol-using, and symbol misusing animal (Littlejohn, 1978, p. 69).† A theory of Motives—why do people act (particularly rhetorically) the way they do? Assess motives. Texts/Speeches created by people to â€Å"DO SOMETHING.† Can be analyzed to determine what it is they are trying to do. Distinguishes human â€Å"Action† from Animal â€Å"Motion† Action Motion Done on purpose;Behaviors that are non- voluntary behavior purposeful/non-meaningful e.g. DramatismïÆ' ª ïÆ' ªAll animals and objects Peoplehave motion ïÆ' ªÃ¯Æ' ª Forms of ThoughtThe study of motion is ïÆ' ªmechanism Understood through motives ïÆ' ª Pentad (tool for understanding motives) Motive: Linguistic Product of Rhetorical Action Created a Grammar of Motives (â€Å"grammar† meaning rules, principles, elements, structure and/or book) Motives are viewed by Burke in terms of internal sources of action; but rather in terms of how language and terms are used to make actions understandable. Guilt as Motive: guilt is an â€Å"all-purpose word for any feeling of tension within a person—anxiety, embarrassment, self-hatred, disgust, etc. (Littlejohn, 1978, p. 70).† We communicate to purge ourselves of guilt. Guilt arises out of language. Three sources of guilt: 1. The Negative: Language allows for rules, morals, etc. that surround us and we can’t escape violating. 2. The Principle of Perfection: Language allows us to â€Å"imagine† the ideal (should). 3. The Principle of Heirarchy: Structure society with competing class and group distinctions We seek redemption (reduce or eliminate guilt) through communication/rhetoric/dramatism 1. Mortification: self-blame 2. Victimage: external enemy is the source 3. Scapegoating: blame other(s) Substance: general nature of a thing Consubstantiation: (shared substance, commonality) Identification: (same as consub) degrees of; conscious or unconscious; 1) material identification—goods, possessions, things 2) idealistic identification—values, ideas, feelings, attitudes 3) formal identification—form or arrangement of act/conventions; roles, customs, etc. Division—differences with others (source of guilt) PENTAD Tool for understanding motives Act SceneAgent Agency Purpose (Hexad: Attitude: delayed or incipient action) Statement of motives will answer: What was done (act), when or where it was done (scene), who did it (agent), how it was done (agency), and why it was done (purpose).

Free Essays - Anklyosing Spondylitis Will Not Dictate My Life :: Personal Narrative Essay Example

Anklyosing Spondylitis Will Not Dictate My Life Anklyosing Spondylitis. When I first heard these words, I was tempted to say "God bless you," because I had never heard of such a disease. I could not appreciate that I would be living with it for the rest of my life. Anklyosing Spondylitis (AS) is a form of arthritis that affects the peripheral joints of the body, including the spine, bowels, and even the eyes (iritis). It causes the joints and ligaments that allow the back to move to become inflamed. It often begins in the late teens or early 20's and if it is not treated correctly, it can cause the spine, hips, and ribs to become rigid, which will make bending, turning, flexing, and breathing difficult. The actual severity of these symptoms vary a great deal from person to person. An early diagnosis along with proper treatment can help pain and stiffness be controlled and reduce or stop major deformity. It is important for all those afflicted with this disease, their families, and their friends, to fully understand the causes and effects of this arthritis and the ways to manage it throughout life. The exact cause of AS is still unknown. Over 90 percent of people with AS possess a genetic marker called BLA-B27. This gene is involved in the body's defense against infection. It has been confirmed that other genes are involved in this disease as well, but they have yet to be identified. A person can have this gene and not have AS. There also exists an environmental factor in the onset of AS. It appears to be normal bacteria in the bowel. I was diagnosed with AS after several occurrences. I suffered a head injury during a wrestling match. My skull was cracked and I was put on an antibiotic to fight off any possible infection. This drug caused my bowels to become infected by another disease called C-Difficile bacteria. After that was cured, I became afflicted with a Septic Hip. My hip was filled with infectious fluid. During this time I developed iritis, an inflammation of the eye. I had suffered iritis before. To make sure the infections would not come back, I had to stay on a home IV for six weeks. I was also identified as a carrier of the gene BLA-B27. During this time my doctors simply put the pieces together.

Fahrenheit 451 Summary Essay

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury Matthew Hart Nov. 12, 12 Fahrenheit 451 doesn’t provide a single, clear explanation of why books are banned in the future. Instead, it suggests that many different factors could combine to create this result. These factors can be broken into two groups: factors that lead to a general lack of interest in reading and factors that make people actively hostile toward books. The novel doesn’t clearly distinguish these two developments. Apparently, they simply support one another.The first group of factors includes the popularity of competing forms of entertainment such as television and radio. More broadly, Bradbury thinks that the presence of fast cars, loud music, and advertisements creates a lifestyle with too much stimulation in which no one has the time to concentrate. Also, the huge mass of published material is too overwhelming to think about, leading to a society that reads condensed books rather than the real thing. Guy Montag is a fir eman in charge of burning books in a grim, futuristic United States.The book opens with a brief description of the pleasure he experiences while on the job one evening. He wears a helmet emblazoned with the numeral 451, the temperature at which paper burn, a black uniform with a salamander on the arm, and a phoenix disc on his chest. On his way home from the fire station, he feels a sense of nervous anticipation. After suspecting a lingering nearby presence, he meets his new neighbor, an inquisitive and unusual seventeen-year-old named Clarisse McClellan. She immediately recognizes him as a fireman and seems fascinated by him and his uniform.She explains that she is crazy and proceeds to suggest that the original duty of firemen was to extinguish fires rather than to light them. She asks him about his job and tells him that she comes from a strange family that does such peculiar things as talk to each other and walk places. Clarisse’s strangeness makes Guy nervous, and he lau ghs repeatedly and involuntarily. She reminds him in different ways of candlelight, a clock, and a mirror. He cannot help feeling somehow attracted to her. She fascinates him with her outrageous questions, unorthodox lifestyle, perceptive observations, and incredible power of identification.She asks him if he is happy and then disappears into her house. Pondering the absurd question, he enters his house and thinks about this stranger and her comprehension of his innermost trembling thought. Montag and Mildred spend the afternoon reading. The Mechanical Hound comes and sniffs at the door. Montag speculates about what it was that made Clarisse so unique. Mildred refuses to talk about someone who is dead and complains that she prefers the people and the pretty colors on her TV walls to books.Montag feels that books must somehow be able to help him out of his ignorance, but he does not understand what he is reading and decides that he must find a teacher. He thinks back to an afternoon a year before when he met an old English professor named Faber in the park. It was apparent that Faber had been reading a book of poetry before Montag arrived. The professor had tried to hide the book and run away, but after Montag reassured him that he was safe, they talked, and Faber gave him his address and phone number. Now Montag calls the professor.He asks him how many copies of the Bible, Shakespeare, or Plato are left in the country. Faber, who thinks Montag is trying to trap him, says none are left and hangs up the phone. Montag goes back to his pile of books and realizes that he took from the old woman what may be the last copy of the Bible in existence. He considers turning in a substitute to Beatty (who knows he has at least one book), but he realizes that if Beatty knows which book he took, the chief will guess that he has a whole library if he gives him a different book. He decides to have a duplicate made before that night.Mildred tells him that some of her friends ar e coming over to watch TV with her. Montag, still trying to connect with her, asks her rhetorically if the â€Å"family† on TV loves her. She dismisses his question. He takes the subway to Faber’s, and on the way tries to memorize verses from the Bible. A jingle for Denham’s Dentifrice toothpaste distracts him, and finally he gets up in front of all the passengers and screams at the radio to shut up, waving his book around. The astonished passengers start to call a guard, but Montag gets off at the next stop.Montag goes to Faber and shows him the book, which alleviates Faber’s fear of him, and he asks the old man to teach him to understand what he reads. Faber says that Montag does not know the real reason for his unhappiness and is only guessing that it has something to do with books, since they are the only things he knows for sure are gone. Faber insists that it’s not the books themselves that Montag is looking for, but the meaning they contain. The same meaning could be included in existing media like television and radio, but people no longer demand it.Faber compares their superficial society to flowers trying to live on flowers instead of on good, substantive dirt; people are unwilling to accept the basic realities and unpleasant aspects of life. Faber says that people need quality information, the leisure to digest it, and the freedom to act on what they learn. He defines quality information as a textured and detailed knowledge of life, knowledge of the â€Å"pores† on the face of humanity. Faber agrees with Mildred that television seems more â€Å"real† than books, but he dislikes it because it is too invasive and controlling.Books at least allow the reader to put them down, giving one time to think and reason about the information they contain. Montag suggests planting books in the homes of firemen to discredit the profession and see the firehouses burn. Faber doesn’t think that this action would get to the heart of the problem, however, lamenting that the firemen aren’t really necessary to suppress books because the public stopped reading them of its own accord even before they were burned. Faber says they just need to be patient, since the coming war will eventually mean the death of the TV families.Montag concludes that they could use that as a chance to bring books back. Montag bullies Faber out of his cowardice by tearing pages out of the precious Bible one by one, and Faber finally agrees to help, revealing that he knows someone with a printing press who used to print his college newspaper. Montag asks for help with Beatty that night, and Faber gives him a two-way radio he has created that will fit in Montag’s ear; that way the professor can hear what Beatty has to say and also prompt Montag. Montag decides to risk giving Beatty a substitute book, and Faber agrees to see his printer friend.Montag gazes at Clarisse’s empty house, and Beatty, guessi ng that he has fallen under her influence, berates him for it. Mildred rushes out of the house with a suitcase and is driven away in a taxi, and Montag realizes she must have called in the alarm. Beatty orders Montag to burn the house by himself with his flamethrower and warns that the Hound is on the watch for him if he tries to escape. Montag burns everything, and when he is finished, Beatty places him under arrest. Beatty sees that Montag is listening to something and strikes him on the head.The radio falls out of Montag’s ear, and Beatty picks it up, saying that he will have it traced to find the person on the other end. After Beatty eggs him on with more literary quotations, his last a quote from Julius Caesar, Montag turns his flamethrower on Beatty and burns him to a crisp. The other firemen do not move, and he knocks them out. The Mechanical Hound appears and injects Montag’s leg with anesthetic before he manages to destroy it with his flamethrower. Montag stum bles away on his numb leg. He goes to where he hid the books in his backyard and finds four that Mildred missed.He hears sirens approaching and tries to continue down the alley, but he falls and begins to sob. He forces himself to rise and runs until the numbness leaves his leg. Montag puts a regular Seashell radio in his ear and hears a police alert warning people to be on the lookout for him, that he is alone and on foot. He finds a gas station and washes the soot off his face so he will look less suspicious. He hears on the radio that war has been declared. He starts to cross a wide street and is nearly hit by a car speeding toward him.At first, Montag thinks it is the police coming to get him, but he later realizes the car’s passengers are children who would have killed him for no reason at all, and he wonders angrily whether they were the motorists who killed Clarisse. He creeps into one of his coworkers’ houses and hides the books, then calls in an alarm from a p hone booth. He goes to Faber’s house, tells him what has happened, and gives the professor some money. Faber instructs him to follow the old railroad tracks out of town to look for camps of homeless intellectuals and tells Montag to meet him in St.Louis sometime in the future, where he is going to meet a retired printer. Faber turns on the TV news, and they hear that a new Mechanical Hound, followed by a helicopter camera crew, has been sent out after Montag. Montag takes a suitcase full of Faber’s old clothes, tells the professor how to purge his house of Montag’s scent so the Hound will not be led there, and runs off into the night. Faber plans to take a bus out of the city to visit his printer friend as soon as possible. Captain Beatty comes by to check on Montag, saying that he guessed Montag would be calling in sick that day.He tells Montag that every fireman runs into the â€Å"problem† he has been experiencing sooner or later, and he relates to him the history of their profession. Beatty’s monologue borders on the hysterical, and his tendency to jump from one thing to another without explaining the connection makes his history very hard to follow. Part of the story is that photography, film, and television made it possible to present information in a quickly digestible, visual form, which made the slower, more reflective practice of reading books less popular.Another strand of his argument is that the spread of literacy, and the gigantic increase in the amount of published materials, created pressure for books to be more like one another and easier to read. Montag withdraws money from his account to give to Faber and listens to reports over the radio that the country is mobilizing for war. Faber reads to him from the Book of Job over the two-way radio in his ear. He goes home, and two of Mildred’s friends, Mrs. Phelps and Mrs. Bowles, arrive and promptly disappear into the TV parlor. Montag turns off the TV wall s and tries to engage the three women in conversation.They reluctantly oblige him, but he becomes angry when they describe how they voted in the last presidential election, based solely on the physical appearance and other superficial qualities of the candidates. After witnessing the anonymous scapegoat’s death on the television, Granger turns to Montag and ironically remarks, â€Å"Welcome back to life. † He introduces Montag to the other men, who are all former professors and intellectuals. He tells Montag that they have perfected a method of recalling word-for-word anything that they have read once. Each one of them has a different classic books stored in his memory.

Carrer Path Nursing

The health field is my career of choice. Becoming a registered nurse is my ultimate goal. The nursing field is the best fit for me. I take pride in helping others whenever possible. There are many kinds of different field in the health industry that will fit me best. There are many different aspects as to why I want to become a registered nurse. The salary, responsibilities, skills and lifelong learning opportunities are what draw me to the health field. Becoming a registered nurse is one of my main goals during my time at Bryant & Stratton.When I finish school becoming a nurse means that I am responsible for health and sake of others. People will depend on me to provide the best service possible for them and the ones they love. On average in the state of Ohio a registered nurse in 2010 makes 44,000 to 78, 000 dollars a year (â€Å"Career One Stop,† n. d. , para. 2). The responsibilities that come with the job are endless. I will be keeping track of a patient’s health, drug dosage, growth of sickness and lending a helping hand to a doctor when needed. The skill I will need and obtain on the job will allow me to excel throughout the rest of my life.According to Career One Stop here are a few skill and abilities I will need and gain from the field: â€Å"Skills: Active Listening – Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times. Speaking – Talking to others to convey information effectively. Critical Thinking – Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.Judgment and Decision Making – Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one. Service Orientation – Actively looking for ways to help people. Social Perceptiveness – Being aware of others ' reactions and understanding why they react as they do. Abilities: Problem Sensitivity – The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem. Oral Comprehension – The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.Inductive Reasoning – The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events). Oral Expression – The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand. Arm-Hand Steadiness – The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position. Information Ordering – The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e. g. patterns of numbers, let ters, words, pictures, mathematical operations). Speech Recognition to identify and understand the speech of another person. †(CareerOneStop,† n. d. , para. 5). – The ability In this field there will always be room for improvement. I will each and every day retain new information and grow as an individual to provide great service. A registered nurse is the main focus of my schooling as of right now. A registered nurse is my main goal but anesthesiologist is also a field I am interested in. Any job in the medical field is needed all over the world.There is a high demand for people to work in the health care field. An anesthesiologist would be my second career goal. The salary according to career one stop in the state of Ohio from 2010 is between 129,000 to 127,000 dollars a year. (â€Å"Career One Stop,† n. d. , para. 2) Anesthesiologists are responsible for putting people under for surgeries. They check people’s blood types and determine the right am ount of fluid to give to make a person sleep during a surgery. This job is very important not only to the patient but also to the surgeon so they can successfully perform a surgery.Here are a few skills and abilities that are needed for this field: â€Å"Skills: Active Listening – Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times. Critical Thinking – Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems. Monitoring – Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.Reading Comprehension – Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents. Judgment and Decision Making – Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one. Science – Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems. Speaking – Talking to others to convey information effectively. Abilities: Problem Sensitivity – The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem.Oral Comprehension – The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences. Deductive Reasoning – The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense. Inductive Reasoning – The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events). Near Vision – The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer). †(â€Å"CareerOneStop,†n. d. , para. 3) Like a registered nurse there is always room to lear n new abilities and skills for the job.There will always be lifelong learning opportunities. Anesthesiologist draws me in because of the salary but a veterinarian would be the next field of interest. A veterinarian is a health care profession that deals with the health and well being of animals. You still need the same judgment in this field. You are responsible for the health of animals. They cannot speak for themselves for you have to be the voice for them. According to Career One Stop on average in the state of Ohio in 2010 a veterinarian makes between 53,000 to 120,000 dollars a year. (â€Å"CareerOneStop,† n. d, para. ) Animals are becoming more and more like children to people and their health is very important to people. Skills and abilities are endless in this field. Here are a few skills and abilities needed for this field: Skills: Science – Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems. Active Listening – Giving full attention to what other peop le are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times. Critical Thinking – Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.Speaking – Talking to others to convey information effectively. Judgment and Decision Making – Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one. Reading Comprehension – Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents. Abilities: Inductive Reasoning – The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events). Oral Comprehension – The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.Oral Expression – The ability to communicate infor mation and ideas in speaking so others will understand. Problem Sensitivity – The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem. Deductive Reasoning – The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense. (â€Å"CareerOneStop,†n. d. ,para 4) Learning opportunities are endless in this field. New disease and sicknesses are being developed daily and there is always room for improvement. Becoming a veterinarian is the last field that interests me.After reviewing all of my interested career paths I have concluded that a registered nurse is my goal. Becoming a registered nurse will take a lot of hard work and dedication but it is the main career goal. I am pursing this field because of the salary, responsibilities and skills that come with the job. Helping others will give me a sense of worth. Though anesthesiologist and a veterinarian do interest me I will continue in the path I am headed in. According to Mayo school of Health Sciences, â€Å"Nurses work to promote health, prevent disease and help patients cope with illness.They are advocates and health educators for patients, families and communities†. (Mayo Clinic, n. d. , para. 1) I am a nurturing person and a nurse will allow me to display these skills. References Occupation Profile – America's Career InfoNet. (n. d. ). Welcome to America's Career InfoNet. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www. careerinfonet. org/occ_rep. asp? next=occ_rep;Level=;optstatus=111111111;jobfam=29;id=1;nodeid=2;soccode=291141;stfips=39;x=0;y=0 Registered Nurse Career Overview. (n. d. ). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved April 3, 2012, from http://www. mayo. edu/mshs/rn-career. html

A Complete Guide on How to Write an Art Essay Competently

A Complete Guide on How to Write an Art Essay Competently Understanding how to write an essay, which is a formal investigation of some topics, in the field of art is an essential skill that can be learned in an art course. Students of different specializations ranging from the art history study to the contemporary art courses can strengthen this skill by writing many art essays and research papers. Writing a university essay, particularly an art essay, requires a lot of thoughtful consideration of some reliable sources. Accordingly, starting the essay the day before it is due leaves you the limited time to for researching, reasoning, structuring and writing the composition itself. According to the Guardian, essay writing is the art as well. Consequently, find more time to carry out an in-depth analysis beforehand to prepare a clear outline of the work with the reasoned arguments. For that purpose, you need to review all the literature directly linked to the subject of the essay. Now, your subject matter is the art that is too broad to study . In general, an essay is a short paper in which the writer attempts to cover a particular topic keeping in mind what has been learned about it and what can be explored more profoundly. It also can be characterized as an effort to demonstrate a thought process on paper. An art essay is a kind of work that analyzes the aspects of artworks, such as sculpture, painting, music, and architecture. These essays can be used with the aim to investigate the visual elements of the artworks. For instance, an art essay may examine the optical components and creative approaches used in particular pieces of art. Accordingly, the primary purpose of art essay writing is to compose the groundwork for students to tap into the artistic side and sharply draw a view of a particular artwork. What Art Essay Topics Can You Write on? Similar to other disciplines, there is a broad range of topics that can be analyzed in an art essay. However, when coming up with a good art essay writing topic, you should follow some essential tips. Generally, if you want to discover how to write an art essay, you should address the work in much the same way you compose any other paper assigned to you at a high school or college. First of all, you should stay focused on the subject of an essay, which involves forming a substantial thesis sentence. Accordingly, you should pick a specific frame of work, and as usual, use proper grammar and organization, including drafting clear and coherent statements. Some topics have been already worked out by our experts in art: Philosophy of Art Through the Ages: How Does It Change? How Do the Artists of Different Epochs Depict the World of Beauty and Aesthetics? What Questions Art Historians Should Answer When Seeing an Artwork? What Makes an Artwork Recognizable: An Artistic Style or Message an Artist Send? How Does the History Influence the Art Movements: What Historical Events Are the Most Significant? To write an art essay, you should first examine the question and be able to explain what it is required of you, whether to prove, describe or analyze. For instance, the topic can be Why Is Pablo Picasso Thought to Be a Prominent Artist? To answer this essay question, you should examine Pablo Picassos artworks, the writing of authoritative scholars regarding the topic. In the given topic, you are asked to prove the fact that Pablo Picasso is a prominent artist. How to Choose Essay Topics The term â€Å"art† classifies different expressions and activities of the artists. Therefore, an art essay can address the works of art as well as present an investigation concerning the art history and particular art movement. Some art educators require the students to visit an art museum to analyze some artworks. Thus, you can use the mentioned idea and visit the local museum to investigate the specific artwork or particular exhibition. At the same time, one of the most popular subject that can be chosen for an art essay is an artist. You can write an essay regarding an artist from the particular movement. Accordingly, you can analyze the artists background and impact on the entire art discourse. You can also determine how past, current and future generations understand the works of that artist. The artist that is pioneering in some sphere can be discussed in an art essay as well. Thus, you can choose the pioneering artist and address such issues as what inspired the artist and what historical movements were pivotal. The essay can discuss the specific features of the artworks such as the authors technique and use of color or lines. You can write an essay regarding an author that inspires you. Choose a figure that is encouraging to you. In an essay, reveal why the works of that artist are so exciting to you. Consider how you regard that author and his or her artworks. You can choose a comparison essay and compare, for instance, two artworks. You may focus on two artists or compare different artworks of one artist. This theme will require in-depth research as there should be reviewed more than one piece of art. Handy Tips on Art Essay Writing Having discovered some key tips for writing an art essay, you will also need to follow the practices utilized in the art discourse. There are some suggestions you may consider when writing an art essay. First of all, the artwork should not be just described, since frequently it is required to compose a comprehensive analysis. One familiar claim educators make is that the students often depict the artwork without taking any point of the argument which they are supposed to make. Thus, you always need to estimate the ultimate goal of writing. Then, decide how to draw the details of the report arranging them to represent both the artwork and analysis itself. In that case, one of the constructions to be used is to create the paper where the original idea or topic sentence is found at the beginning and proved at the end of the work. Accordingly, the starting point of an art essay is the research phase. At that stage, you should gain a perception of the subject and be able to examine the arguments both for and against the point. An essay should start with an opening paragraph with the topic sentence. It is important to ensure that all the details are consistent and chosen with attention. All the statements made in an essay should support the central point you are going to address in a composition. Thus, in the early steps of writing, it is required to create an outline to plan the development of the essay part. Write down all the ideas and data discovered while investigating the topic. At the investigative stage of writing, you also should establish the claims for and against the reasons you intend to explain in the art essay. Thus, you should examine the structure of the paper before writing. For instance, if you want to present a specific art movement from a particular historical period, it is better to apply a chronological format. Nonetheless, if an essay is addressing the graphic elements recognized in a piece of art, you should use the spatial form of writing. Only Reliable Sources to Use in an Art Essay The reference list can include books, articles from scholarly journals, periodical publications, and the internet sources as well only if they are reliable. Nonetheless, the references should be credible and relevant to the topic. Thus, the following part of preparing an art essay is to outline and analyze the information sources. Once the analysis is composed, you must examine each of the applications made and determine if they will justify the thesis statement of the essay. This is an arguable point. To support or oppose a claim, you should use the credible data to strengthen the central claim. When examining a source, you should remember that some works can be biased or untrustworthy. So use your analytical skills to recognize the inappropriateness of different sources according to the following points: Usage of the out-of-date sources, No citations of sources and no references to sources, Usage of sources that aren’t properly formatted, etc. The aforementioned requires analytical knowledge to make the essay more authentic. Remember the bibliography section of your essay should contain a list of the academic works you have examined, used while preparing a composition. A bibliography should be arranged in the alphabetical order at the end of your art essay. The Ultimate Structure of an Art Essay After all the sources have been reviewed, you should define where you stand and, therefore, how to prove your argument. A successful essay writer is one who takes a position that can be supported by the credible sources. Aforementioned involves a broad range of research, which maintains the position the writer has accepted. This position should be presented explicitly and accurately. Hence, you should compose a standpoint. In that case, the most appropriate way to start writing an essay is to state some questions to be examined and answered in the composition. For you to do those mentioned above, it is required to make a comprehensive investigation to know exactly what research questions are relevant for an essay topic. At that stage, the research will take a lot of time and persistence to develop a coherent structure of an art essay that commonly has: Introduction with the thesis statement; Main body of a composition with arguments; Conclusion. The Excellent Essay Introduction Is a Special Tool to Engage the Reader You should begin your own artwork with the clear opening statements to guide the reader through an essay. As was mentioned above, the outline of an art essay is one of the most critical elements as it is the basis of the work. If it is not done, the composition may crumble without making any sense of writing. Once you develop a thesis statement, the outline should be organized to maintain and expand your position. The introduction is the beginning part of the essay. It is usually written alongside the summing-up part. Therefore, once these claims are asserted, it is a time to start working on the body paragraphs and the conclusion. An excellent art essay needs an introduction to catch the reader’s attention immediately. In that case, the essential advice to you is to state your position in the opening part. When the writer reveals the central claim, some supporting sub positions should be shown as well. It is essential to make the introduction precise and with the limited exposition to attract the reader. The opening paragraph must be connected with all the statements given in the essay. Thus, all sections in the art essay are vital. The introduction explains what type of work is going to be performed. The introduction should also give some hints regarding how you are going to tackle a research question. The Well-Developed Main Body Is Formula for Success in Writing You surely know that writing the main body of an art essay is a critical stage of the whole composition. The paragraphs within the body of an art essay should be built-in. Accordingly, the most appropriate way of structuring the body sections is to adjust your leading position with the significant details of the essay topic. You can state it in the first sentence of the first body section or the last sentence of the introduction. The ideas must be organized in the right way: The paragraphs should be formed as an organized system of knowledge; Concepts should support one another in a rational order so that the entire text looks coherent; Each sentence in the sections should support what you have already declared; The main paragraphs should be relevant to a topic and connected properly with some transition words. The Logical Essay Conclusion You Need to Arrive at The ending part of an art essay is the summary section that repeats the central position of the whole composition and some supporting arguments. Note that the conclusion should be short and logical. So consider it as the last opportunity to convince the readers that the data presented in the work is valid and your arguments are reliable. There is a direct connection between every part of your essay. However, the introduction and the conclusion are those parts that play a special role in your essay. The former introduces an essay topic with its narrow context and main focus on essay questions, the latter gives a sense of logical closure of essay writing. Both are aimed at keeping your readers’ interest to plunge into your art essay meaning. Pay attention that a conclusion is a section of the essay where the writer goes beyond any explanation. You’d rather offer your own judgment that trying to include some new details. Thus, this part of an art essay should be well proofread to avoid repetition of phrases. Any comments you make regarding the work should be based on the examination provided in the body of the composition. In this section, you should explain how and why the essential components and concepts of art employed by the artist formulate meaning. The facts regarding the work should support the discussion of the content and not the reverse cause new questions in the reader’s mind. Some Proofreading Tips Applied by Our Expert Academic Writers To make an art essay much more appealing, you can add some vivid examples to the main body of the composition. Aside from this, there are some essential features that you need to keep track of, like the application of proper grammar. Generally speaking, in any piece of academic writing, you should avoid using a personal tone in form of pronouns â€Å"I†, â€Å"me† or â€Å"my†. Don’t undermine the formal style of academic papers the list of which your art essay is also included. It does not mean that your opinion as a researcher is not necessary. It just means that any personal idea must be asserted in a scholarly manner. Thus, you should explain the personal acknowledgment of the artwork, not an impression of it. To do it correctly, you should do the following: Avoid all possible errors in grammar, syntax, punctuation, spelling, Leave out the frequently used words/phrases, Keep sentences short and simple, Use well-defined arguments. In fact, it will be easier for the reader to assume the essence of your art essay if essay content correspond to the highest editorial standards. For that reason, don’t forget to check for the logical flow of your thoughts, concise and definite judgments. What is more, you should make sure that your art essay is plagiarism free and all the other works are appropriately cited according to the necessary formatting styles (APA, MLA or Harvard). All in all, before finishing to write an art essay, you should review it several times to make sure no mistake won’t spoil your reputation as a good art essay writer.

Banking Risk Management

Banking Risk Management Credit Risk Models The Black-Scholes-Merton Model There are various credit risk models, which have been proposed by researchers in order to reduce the risks associated with future transactions. One of these models is the BSM framework structured models. This model was proposed by Merton in 1974. He derived the value of an option from a company, which could default loan repayment (Merton, 1974).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Banking Risk Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Black-Scholes-Merton model assumes that there is a latent firm asset value, which is determined by the company’s future cash flows. This model is used to determine the firm’s debt and equity value. This model includes components, such as risk free interest rates, asset payment ratio, and asset risk premium. Merton (1974) argues that the asset return rate and the risk free interest rates are the constants which are non-sto chastic. The model also assumes that the company’s capital structure relates to a pure equity and a single zero coupon debt, which matures within a given time. Incase of a default experienced by a company, the stock price of the defaulting firm is expected to go to zero. According to this model, the debtor is assumed to be a seller in the European put option. On the other hand, the equity holder is assumed to be a buyer of European call option (Merton, 1974). The model uses the Black –Scholes option pricing in order to determine the relationship between the equity market value and the bond market value. Shibita and Yamada (2009) proposed the BSM structural model to a bank, which was just this side of bankruptcy. This helped the bank in its recovery processes. According to Shibata and Yamada (2009), the banks choice to continue operating or be liquidated plays a vital role on the losses of the loan. They assumed that this decision should be made severally at a certain t ime after the bankruptcy. Individual-level reduced-form models This refers to the models which are not of the class of structural models. At the individual level, a reduced form model can also be described as the credit scoring one. This model was developed by Altman (1968). The credit scoring model uses linear and binomial models to regress the defaults among companies.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It identifies various accounting components, which have statistical explanatory capability, in order to differentiate between the defaulting and non defaulting firms. After estimating the coefficients of the model, the loan applicants are given a Z-score in order to classify them as good or bad. Several decades after its proposal, the credit scoring model got a significant development. Altaman and Saunders (1998) discussed the wide spread of the individual level mode l and its major developments over the years. Altman and Narayanan (1997) evaluated the historical accounting variables used in the credit scoring models across the world. According to them, most of the studies proposed the use of financial ratios, which determine profitability, and liquidity. These financial ratios may include market value equity/debt, (EBIT)/sales as well as working capital/debt. Altman (2005) proposed a scoring system known as Emerging Market Score Model to use to define the emerging corporate bonds. Portfolio reduced form models These models were proposed by Jarrow and Turnbull (1992). According to them, the idea of these models is related to the concept of risk neutral. Risk neutral is a common technique used to predict the probability of the future cash flow. It helps in computing the asset prices by using risk neutral default probabilities. Jarrow and Turnbull (1992) used the idea of risk neutral to develop the credit risk premium which is also known as the cr edit spread. They decomposed the credit risk premium into two components. Poisson /Cox process model This is a subclass of the portfolio reduced form models. It was developed by Jarrow and Turnbull (1995), and it can be described as the simplest model of the portfolio reduced form model. In this approach, the default process is assumed to be a Poisson process with a constant intensity where the default time is exponentially distributed. Markov chain model This is a credit risk model, which was originally proposed by Jarrow et al. (1997). This model considers the default event as the absorbing state and the default period as the first period when the Markov chain hits the absorbing state.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Banking Risk Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Factor model This is a credit risk model, which puts into consideration two vectors of explanation variables. The first vector is a set of macr o economic variables, such as interest rate, inflation rate, money supply growth as well as GDP growth. This vector explains the systematic risk, which causes default events. The second vector involves a set of firm-specific variables, which determine individual risk. According to Pederzoli and Torricelli (2005), the variables are considered simultaneously. Conclusion The credit risk models have various shortcomings. For instance, the BSM framework structural model consists of several simplified assumption in its derivation. The simplified assumptions restrict the applied value of the model. This has made the subsequent researchers focus on reducing these assumptions. The individual level reduced form models may not pick up fast moving developments in borrowers conditions. This is because the model uses explanatory variables, which are based on accounting data. According to Agarwal and Taffler’s (2008), credit scoring models, such as Altman’s Z-score, may not be used t o forecast distress as compared to the structural models. References Altman, E 2005, An emerging market credit scoring system for corporate bonds,  Journal of Emerging Markets Review, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 311-323. Altman, E, Saunders, A 1998, Credit risk measurement: Developments over the last 20 years, Journal of Banking and Finance, vol. 21, pp. 1721-1742. Gordy, MB, 2000, A comparative anatomy of credit risk models, Journal of Banking  and Finance, pp.119-149.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Jarrow, R, Turnbull, S 1997 A Markov model for the term structure of credit risk spreads, Review of Financial Studies, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 481–523. Merton, C 1974. On the pricing of corporate debt: The risk structure of interest rates.  The Journal of Finance, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 449–470. Saunders, A Allen, L 2002, Credit risk measurement: New Approaches to Value at  Risk and Other Paradigms. John Wiley Sons, New York.

Johnson and Johnson Sun Care Product Competitor and Consumer Analysis Essay

Johnson and Johnson Sun Care Product Competitor and Consumer Analysis - Essay Example The long term success of the company in the marketplace is predicated upon its ability to react to, anticipate, and even create needs. Johnson & Johnson is a large corporation with 16.929 Billion of operating income. Total assets of the company are about 84.912 Billion and net income is 12.949 Billion (2008). Johnson & Johnson specializes in pharmaceutical products, medical devices, healthcare products, soaps, shampoos, toiletries, etc. Still, sun care, skin care, health and beauty products, OTC and drug products occupy a large market share. The famous brands of Johnson & Johnson are Johnson's Baby, Coach, Gynol, REACH, etc (Johnson & Johnson Annual Report 6). The company was founded in 1886 as a manufacture of ready-to-use surgical dressings. Robert Wood Johnson was the first president of Johnson & Johnson. The uniqueness of this company is diversification. The first consumer goods were manufactured in 1920s, toiletries were added in 1970s, and at the end of the 21st century the company developed a new division for medical and biopharmaceutical products (Johnson & Johnson Home Page). For Johnson & Johnson, the mingling of value construction and communication that occurs in businesses in which the customer enters the system is worth striving toward in manufacturing firms as well (Burke 3). In Johnson & Johnson, strategic marketing is based on strategic thinking which can be seen as a unique vision of the problem. The subject of decision making raises the larger issue of the planning organization's strategic thinking; specifically, the question is about prerogative and responsibility. Although most "professionally managed" organizations now subscribe to "participatory" decision making, there is nowhere any uniform understanding of exactly what that means. According to the company's annual report, "international sales were 10.3%, 9.6% and 11.2%, respectively 10.8% over 2007 with 8.3% of this change due to operational growth"" (Johnson & Johnson Annual Report 35), The opportunities of Sun care products include high potential to growth and profitability, professional management team and unique corporate culture, customized order system and discounts. There is a great opportunities for ssupermarkets in this field, because specialized shops, throughout the world are interes ted in goods produced in the environmentally friendly manner. "The Skin Care franchise sales grew by 10.8% to $3.4 billion in 2008. The sales growth was primarily due to the AVEENO, CLEAN & CLEAR, NEUTROGENA and JOHNSON'S" (Johnson & Johnson Annual Report 35). The company's market share is about 18 %. As for sun care products, the market share is about 11% of the total US market. For sun care products, the opportunities include high potential to development and expansion, professional approach to management and wider product range. Retail service assesses the areas in which the organization can benefit the most from greater emphasis on creativity and innovation. Competitive advantage serves both as a way of identifying what creative and innovative things competitors are doing as well as finding out for each of the areas requiring imagination and innovation who is the best. "Worldwide demand for products using natural ingredients continues to drive growth for the AVEENO brand, which uses a

Compare and Contrast Buddhism and Daoism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Compare and Contrast Buddhism and Daoism - Essay Example ine being; it does not have worship, praying to, or praising of a divine being (although some sects do.) It offers no form of redemption, forgiveness, no heavenly hope, or a final judgment to those practicing its system. Buddhism is a moral philosophy, an ethical way to live for the here and now of this world to gain the ultimate state. It has more in common with humanism and atheism than its original religion Hinduism it separated from. But Buddhism is not atheism just because they don’t believe in a personal God. It is more like pantheism, there is an impersonal force the void which is the ultimate. For centuries, Buddhism has been the dominant religion of the Eastern world and still remains the predominant religion in China, Japan, Korea, as well as Southeast Asia. In Japan alone there are approximately 200 sects. This makes it difficult to address this religion as a whole since it can be so diversified.1 Gautama, whose personal name according to later sources was Siddhartha, was born in ancient India. It is believed that he was born in the city of Lumbini and raised in Kapilavastu, near the modern town of Taulihawa, Nepal. The traditional story of his life is as follows; little of this can be regarded as established historical fact. Born a prince, his father, King Suddhodana, was supposedly visited by a wise man shortly after Siddhartha was born and told that Siddhartha would either become a great king (chakravartin) or a holy man (Sadhu). Determined to make Siddhartha a king, the father tried to shield his son from the unpleasant realities of daily life. Despite his fathers efforts, at the age of 29, he discovered the suffering of his people, first through an encounter with an elderly man. On subsequent trips outside the palace, he encountered various sufferings such as a diseased man, a decaying corpse, and an ascetic. These are often termed The Four Sights.† After abandoning asceticism and concentrating instead upon meditation and Anapanasati

Any piece of Art work that is done by georgia o'keeffe Essay

Any piece of Art work that is done by georgia o'keeffe - Essay Example 2. Formal Qualities The Cliff Chimneys, a 36 ? 30 inches painting 3. Subject She was highly motivated and inspired by the stark, but extensively colored yellow and red hills and cliffs occupying the Ghost Ranch area. Additionally, she liked the jagged cliff formations that occupied the land near the Abiquiu village, and this prompted her to purchase a house in Ghost Ranch (â€Å"O’Keeffe's O'Keeffes: The Artist's Collection†). The Abiquiu village being surrounded by the Navajo hills and cedar trees, Georgia enjoyed walking around Ghost Ranch. The experience of the hills, cliffs and environment in general that she encountered in Ghost ranch that motivated her to paint The Cliff Chimneys. B. Price (Inc. why?) The Cliff Chimneys painting is currently being sold at $ 279 by Reproduction Gallery. However, the rice is bound to increase if the customers wish to enlarge it and make a bigger size of the original painting. The increase in price is accountable since producing a bi gger size of the original painting requires additional oil and canvas as well as frame (â€Å"O’Keeffe's O'Keeffes: The Artist's Collection†) C. Placement (Where is it?) The Cliff Chimneys is currently being displayed at Milwaukee Art Museum. This is after it was presented by Georgia O’Keeffe Foundation and Gift of Jane Bradley Pettit Foundation. D. Cultural context O’Keeffe was inspired by the events and discoveries that she encountered in the South and West regions of the Taos regions to make the painting. She was highly motivated and inspired by the stark, but extensively colored yellow and red hills and cliffs occupying the Ghost Ranch area. Additionally, she liked the jagged cliff formations that occupied the land near the Abiquiu village, and this prompted her to purchase a house in Ghost Ranch (â€Å"O’Keeffe's O'Keeffes: The Artist's Collection†). The Abiquiu village being surrounded by the Navajo hills and cedar trees, Georgia enjoy ed walking around Ghost Ranch. The experience of the hills, cliffs and environment in general that she encountered in Ghost ranch that motivated her to paint The Cliff Chimneys I. The Artist (Name) Georgia Totto O’Keeffe A. Background Georgia Totto O’Keeffe was born on 15th November, 1887, in a ranch house near Sun Prairie, Winconsin. Her father, Francis Calyxtus O'Keeffe was of Irish descent while her mother Ida (Totto) O'Keeffe was of Hungarian descent. It is from her maternal grandfather, George Totto that Georgia O’Keeffe got her name. She was the second born in her family of seven children, as well as the first daughter. B. Education and Influences She started her schooling in Town Hall School, Sun Prairie. It is during her early days in school that Georgia O’Keeffe began to gain interests in art (â€Å"O’Keeffe's O'Keeffes: The Artist's Collection†). This is attributed to the fact that by age ten she had already made up her mind of bec oming an artist; thus, together with her younger sister they started receiving art instructions from Sara Mann, a local water-colorist. O’Keeffe attended Sacred Heart Academy, Madison High School, and later Catham Episcopal Institute for her high school education. She later pursued artistic training at the School of Art Institute based in Chicago and the Art Students League based in New York. It is while studying at Arts Students League that she won a scholarship to attend an outdoor summer school located in Lake George. C. Intention Georgia’

Assessment of how managing the human Essay Example for Free

Assessment of how managing the human Essay This part of assignment assesses how managing the human, physical and technological resources that have been researched so far can improve the performance of Marks Spencer. Human Resources Human Resources are the people (employees) in the business. Monitoring the performance of employees in Marks Spencer has showed the way to a number of advantages. These essential advantages are assessed below. The employees in Marks Spencer are being monitored by CCTV and therefore watched by managers or directors which led to an increase in customer focus. Monitoring employees makes sure that they are carrying out the job tasks correctly. This could be for the reason that employees do not want to upset and get embarrassed when their managers or directors are observing them through CCTV; as a result they try to work and perform to the best of their ability. Employees in the stores of Marks Spencer know that they are being observed and monitored throughout the work day so this encourages employees to serve customers more adequately as well as to provide assistance at all times. In addition, employees in the stores are likely to think that they could get bonuses and rewards if they perform to the best of their ability. For instance, Marks Spencer could give incentives during the work which would likely make employees encouraged and complete the tasks given because incentives usually motivate employees to work to the best of their ability on whatever tasks are they completing. Marks Spencer offers gift vouchers that are the perfect choice to help reward congratulate and motivate people in a way they will appreciate. Marks Spencer vouchers are perfect incentive to increase sales, recruit new customers and generate new business. This is the best way to promote performance from the staff and encourage more positive outlook in the workplace. These incentives include the sick pay leave if needed as well as the holidays. (See appendix 4) Employees that work in Marks Spencer normally have 20% off discounts of the products and items that they buy. In addition, in order to increase their performance they offer deals and voucher tickets to their employees who are working to the best of their ability. These bonuses, fair wages and discounts that employees get makes them work even harder which means the motivation increases. Human resources includes the need of Marks Spencer having suitable employees in the organisation that work in the store in order to increase the performance of the business. Therefore, Marks Spencer should employ correct employees with the right skills, abilities and experience to complete tasks to the best of their ability. Having appropriate recruitment process – making adverts the most attractive as possible and having clear job descriptions with clear tasks would possibly bring the right people to Marks Spencer. When they choose an employee or employees to work for a business they need to make sure that interview procedure is correct and that short-listing table is used in order to compare all the candidates and choose the best one when looking at the criteria. Marks Spencer needs to make sure that they get the person to work for them that is intelligent, respectful and diligent. Candidates that apply for a job in marks Spencer need to complete the application form on the Marks Spencer’s website (www.marksandspencer.com) where an applicant would fill its personal details, grades and achievements and the experience. Retailers like Marks and Spencer have complex recruitment needs and have to deal with high volumes of applications to fill a large number of similar positions. Marks and Spencer manages all applications for store jobs via WCN’s Applicant Tracking System. The system is based on complex two way integration with the Marks and Spencer HR system. The system allows candidates who are successful after applying and completing online tests, to book their own interview within an hour of completing their application. Stores input vacancies and give available assessment times on the Marks and Spencer HR system, this data is then transferred to the WCN system and displayed to candidates online. Therefore, candidates that are successful they are either going to be contacted with the assessment times where they are going to be given different tasks including team work activities. In addition, their interview is going to take place at some time in the day too. After assessment day, usually the candidates will be told either by phone, e-mail or letter whether they got the job or not. In order to increase performance of the business the employees that are already working in Marks Spencer would need to be trained from time to time as they will be kept up to date with their tasks and will know how to complete them correctly. Knowing how to complete tasks correctly will eventually give motivation to them because they will have more understanding when completing their tasks and duties. However, if employees would not be sure of how to carry certain duties then the managers would not be happy with their work. Therefore, an appropriate training would be suitable in order to solve this problem. Training will give knowledge to employees about their job and introduce new tasks or duties that are needed to be completed. When employees go off for training they are normally working as a team by working together and completing certain tasks together; as a result, they are likely to develop more team work. Each store in Marks Spencer has different groups or teams and each group or team has their own responsibilities and tasks. Because each team has their own responsibilities this makes them know what they are doing and how they are approaching issues during their work day. Marks Spencer also have team members whose responsibilities are divided because they are specialists in their job; therefore, this means that Marks Spencer is likely to achieve its aims and objectives consistently and obviously, on time. On top of that, the employees that are part of Marks Spencer’s crew also help to achieve the targets of Marks Spencer. This could be for the reason that managers or directors have a span of control on supervisors and sales assistants in Marks Spencer stores. As a result, having the span of control will mean that managers are in charge for setting duties and tasks, controlling and observing employees, for instance, sales assistants and supervisors. For the reason that this happens they have their own responsibilities and tasks that has to be met and there is no need to worry themselves about other employees’ responsibilities and tasks in the store. As a result target achievement is met by a better task focus that takes place. In Marks Spencer the CCTV monitors the employees that are working and therefore, the managers in Marks Spencer’s store observes employees. This fact has increased Marks Spencer’s profit in the way as employees work to the best of their ability and perform well while they are working because they know that they are being observed. Employees need to perform well in order to get bonuses for their good work and to avoid the disappointment of their managers; therefore, they treat customers very well and serve them at all times when they are available. As a result, customers that are treated well tend to buy the items, such as food and clothing from Marks Spencer. This could be for the reason that when customers need help with their shopping, normally employees help them with where to find certain products, or where to find the right shoe sizes and clothing for them. In addition to this, Marks Spencer stores that provide clothing have fitting rooms which means employees that usually stand in front of the fitting rooms are there to help customers with the sizes of their clothing and even the styles. Marks Spencer usually observes the employees’ that are being late and therefore monitors them; normally, an employee that works for Marks Spencer will have an ID card. The lateness of employees’ can also be observed by asking them to sign time-sheets each day when they start and finish work; this helps Marks Spencer to organize all the employees that are expected to be on time and in their work place. Observing and monitoring employees’ makes them to start working on time for the reason that they might not want to have arguments or conflicts with their managers in the store. Because Marks Spencer stores have enough employees on the store floors this helps Marks Spencer to serve the majority of the customers properly. This is for the reason that fewer employees would be placed to serve customers in fitting rooms and most of the employees would be placed on the store floor placing products on shelves and helping customers to find certain products if they need help. For the reason that employees are divided into different areas in the whole store of Marks Spencer they can serve customers and help with their shopping at all times. However, if there aren’t enough employees on the store floor the customers will be disappointed due to the fact that they will not be served very well and not given much help concerning their shopping. For instance, if all of Marks Spencer’s employees’ in the store serves customers only in fitting rooms then there would not be enough employees on the store floor which will lead to a real untidiness and muddle in the store. In conclusion, observing employees’ punctuality makes them to keep up with their attendance and be punctual. This makes Marks Spencer have better image because their employees serves customers well and manages to keep up with the tidiness on the store floors. Physical and Technological resources Physical and technological resources that Marks Spencer uses have quite a lot of advantages as Human Resources. Physical resources are the things that business uses to complete its activities every day in the store, for instance, buildings and equipment. Technological resources are things such as computers with its software such as Microsoft Office. Physical and technological resources are assessed below. Marks Spencer has got a transactional website (technological resource) (www.marksandspencer.com) which means that the business is expanded in many ways which increased its performance. This could be for the reason that clients or consumers that are able to access the website can purchase its products. Marks Spencer online shopping offers UK online shoppers many choices. Their large clothing and home ware line has earned respect and loyalty from shoppers from the United Kingdom as well as worldwide. Consumers can shop online for thousands of Marks Spencer online products from the convenience of their home because people can look through the website to see new clothes and items and the new deals and offers are also promoted on the website so that customers know what is offered in the stores. In the website, it is also possible to contact Marks Spencer if consumers have a question regarding a product or an item. Therefore, this expand the business as anyone can access the website from any country of the world if they have internet connection and it also increases performance because consumers can stay at home not visiting the stores which means Marks Spencer would receive money from costumers anyway, which would increase in sales and this means Marks Spencer would make more profit. Marks Spencer stores has got many tills in their stores and employees that works on them, therefore, having many tills prevents in having long customer queues because as employees are able to work on the tills they can serve the customers very quickly. Therefore, the more tills Marks Spencer has, the better customer service because it serves customers quickly leaving them happy and it is likely to make them to come into the store the next time as they received good customer service. Eventually, if they continue visiting the store this means they will buy more products which will increase in sales and make higher profits. In addition to this, normally there are lifts in Marks Spencer stores that helps customers quite a lot too because their shopping can be more convenient. Lifts are useful because it helps customers with pushchairs and disabled customers to shop, especially in the stores where Marks Spencer has got four floors. For instance, one of the shopping malls in Plymouth has got Marks Spencer store of four floors; the first being men clothing, the second is women clothing, the third is lingerie and fourth floor is children clothing and toys, home ware and the cafà ©. On the fourth floor they also have a tunnel leading directly to the car park so it means customers can avoid the busy lifts that they will find in the shopping mall itself. Therefore, by having lifts Marks Spencer makes it convenient for customers to shop and they are likely to visit the store more often due to comfortable surroundings and resources available to them. In addition to this, Marks Spencer always has employees with samples of different items in the store for customers to try. This would also increase in providing better customer service as the products are promoted and customers will want to try out the new products. They will be happy that Marks Spencer offers samples to try out because customers would feel important in the store by employees showing attention and offering products to customers. As a result, customers that try the samples are likely to like the product and purchase it making Marks Spencer’s sales eventually grow and profits increase. On the top of that, customers want a good value for the products they buy which would be high quality and reliable. They also want to get good quality service provided to them at the stores and that staff always would be available for assistance if needed. Customers also want a good environment around them in which they would be comfortable to shop and buy high standard products provided; therefore, better customer service would be increased by employees being motivated and providing assistance and by having resources such as lifts which increase the shopping convenience and this would keep customers happy. The availability of communication through Internet and telephone allows Marks Spencer to correspond quicker and easier. Managers in Marks Spencer are able to send and receive information from other Marks Spencer branches as well as departments. For instance, e-mails allow managers to attach financial statement and transfer them to finance department which might be situated in another city. In addition to this, Internet and telephone connection gives an advantage to customers as well. This is for the reason that customers are able to contact Marks Spencer either by e-mails or by giving a call to Marks Spencer store. A number of customers feel the need to contact Marks Spencer because they want to ask about particular product, for example, if Marks Spencer has black jacket in size ten. If it happens that Marks Spencer has this type of an item in store the customer might ask to put it on hold which Marks Spencer will be happy to do. However, if it happens that Marks Spencer does not have it in store then the customer can order it and Marks Spencer will be happy to provide instructions how to do it. When the delivery arrives, Marks Spencer will contact the customer by informing him about the arrived jacket. Therefore, the customer would be happy because they are given quality service and because Marks Spencer is trying the best to serve customers well; this would make customers feel important. Marks Spencer has insurance against thefts, fire damages and vandalisms; therefore this makes employees feel safe in their working environment. Because of this employees are able to work and perform up to the highest possible standard. For instance, an employee who knows that he or she is protected from thieves that could appear in the store and be dangerous to lives of people that appear in the store will be able to serve customers without fair and stress. In addition, customers who know that Marks Spencer has insurance they would feel safe and protected when shopping in the store. This would increase Marks Spencer’s performance, as employees want to be safe, they want staff would be always available for assistance and they want good environment around them that is comfortable to shop in. Therefore, having insurance from thefts, fire damages and vandalisms would make sure that customer’s desires are fulfilled and employees would work to the best as they can knowing that they are protected. Therefore, as customers would visit the store more because they feel safe at the store, they would buy more products due to safety and getting quality assistance from employees and as a result sales will eventually increase which would lead to higher profit and increased performance. Equipment of Marks Spencer and the machinery would increase in productivity as well as the performance and reputation of the business. Marks Spencer would need to have the latest equipment and machinery in order to carry day to day activities correctly. Marks Spencer would use equipment and machinery such as self check-out machines, electronic tills and trolleys to carry products. The machinery in warehouses would be used in order to make items to the highest possible quality. These machines would need to be updated regularly so that they would not break down and cause day to day activities to slow down. Ultimately, if machinery and equipment are looked after and updated regularly then this means Marks Spencer would be able to operate effectively; customers are likely to buy their items and products which would eventually increase in sales and profit. If customers are going to be happy due to the service provided because of good machinery and equipment then they are likely to stay with Marks Spencer by visiting their stores regularly which would mean Marks Spencer’s reputation will grow over time and once again the sales and profits will increase. In addition to this, Marks Spencer stores have got employed security guards which make a store a safer place to work because there is an instant access to help. Having security is important for marks Spencer because products and items have security tags attached to them on the electronic bars; therefore, if people decide to steal a product or an item the alarm is going to go off at the entrance of the store which would mean that a customer has stolen something. Therefore, security guards will take care of this and make sure that the thief does not run away. In addition, CCTV cameras take great care of being secure at work as well. CCTV cameras operate all day through in Marks Spencer recording everything that is going on. Eventually, having security guards and CCTV cameras increases in performance of Marks Spencer as the employees will feel safe and happy at work and as a result carry out tasks to the best of their ability. Marks Spencer normally has quite big buildings that consist of two, three or even four floors, especially in shopping malls. In addition to this, if there are separate floors such as four floors building it allows Marks Spencer to set a particular floor for particular products and items. For instance, one of the shopping malls in Plymouth has got Marks Spencer store of four floors; the first being men clothing, the second is women clothing, the third is lingerie and fourth floor is children clothing and toys, home ware and the cafà ©. Besides, as the floors are quite big in terms of space, this allows Marks Spencer to have room in order to display a range of styles of the products. If Marks Spencer is able to display a large number of products this means that the performance is going to be increased because as the products are promoted the customers that walk around the store would see the product or an item and might get interested. Customer is likely to be attracted by the product because of the suitable displaying of products in Marks Spencer and as a result they would purchase it. In addition, customers that walk pass the store, might see the display of products in the shop windows of Mark Spencer and this would attract them to come in to the store to look at the product in more detail. Therefore, as customers are likely to buy more products due to displaying this is likely to increase sales and make a higher profit. If the business makes higher profit then this would increase the performance of Marks Spencer. Eventually, human, physical and technological resources have a big impact on Marks Spencer as a business. However, the inability that could to use these resources effectively could appear and this will cause many problems and difficulties rather than advantages.